Essentially, this is a perfect example of the temptation of ESG gaming and/or fraud. Until we actually measure and verify, the accounting for all emissions, social, and governance activities is just a work of fiction.
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“An unorthodox reading of a single word in the EPA regulations allowed Range to slash its reported emissions from energy production by 93% in 2020 compared with the approach used by most oil and gas companies. That’s enough to move the company from the bottom of its peer rankings to the top. The EPA says this interpretation isn’t valid, although Range insists that it is.”